I-Dewatering Screens Ukulahleka Kwamanzi Ekuphatheni Kwemithombo

Kanjani Amashidi Okushiphitha Amayeza Akunika Ubunzima Bukhona Ekuhlanganiseni Iziliqu Nezinkinga

Ukusebenza Kwamashidi Okushiphitha Amayeza Emisebenzini Yobunjineli

Lizikalo le dewatering zisebenza ngokuthatha izinto ngezikhathi eziningi xa kusekelwe emoyeni wamapholayithireni angcono. Xa izinto ezimbiyayo zihamba phansi kweyona, izivibrheshi ziyakhazima amanzi ngaphakathi kwegridi yosika kodwa zibhala izinto eziphathelene. Ukufaneleka kakhulu kubaluleke kakhulu kuzinto ezimbili: ubukhulu becala besika kanye nokhuni okunemiphefumulo. Le minyakelo ichaza ixesha elide izinto ziya kuhlala kusika ngaphambi kokuthi zihlule, lokhu kunceda ukuthintela ukungabi nawo iziqhamo ezincane. Izinhlelo ezisha zihandleni ngama-300 eton njalo ngexesha futhi zibalisa ngama-95% amasoli xa zisetshenziswa ekuxululeni isibindi noma ekuphathiseni izimpawu. Ngokushintsha indawo apho idhamu ihlela ekupheni kusika, abasebenzisi bangashintsha ixesha izinto ziya kuhlala khona. Lokhu kwenza uhlelo olubalulekile ekunciphiseni ubunzima bezimali kwisiphrothekthi esigciniwe, into esibonileyo ngempela emakhaya amakhulu amaningi ngamayezi ahlukene.

Ukholo lweVibrating Screen Nenkinga Yalo Ekubuyiseleni Amanzi

Ukuthi izikrini zokukhipha amanzi zisebenza kangakanani kuyaphendula ekuvutheleni kwazo kakhulu nokuthi kufuphi okuvuthelayo. Uma lezi zixhobo zisebenza ngamag-force aphantsi kwe-7.3 G's, zihlaya amanzi ngokushesha kunazo ezinhle. Isiphumo? Izinto ezinzima evela esikrinini zinezimali ezingcolileyo kuphela ezingu-8 kuze kube ngu-12%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izifakelo zingahlala phansi kakhulu izixhobo zokususa umlilo engcono futhi zibuyisele kabangaki yonke into yazo yamanzi etholakala ngendlela yokusebenza emva kwalowo qondolo. Abasebenzisi banyukele izilungiso zokuvuthela kwi-skrin ngokulinganisa kanjani into eqashelwa kuyo. Izinto ezincane zidinga ukuvuthela okuphakade kakhulu ngelishwa lezinye izinto eziphelele kahle ngezishwa eziphazinyayo. Amathuba aphephile ayivikela ukuthola phakathi kwe-90 ne-95% yamanzi etholakala ngendlela yokusebenza, lokhu akunye kube yindlela yokulahla imali kodwa futhi kunceda ukwemukela izimvume ezikhokhelwayo ngokuhlanganisa nezinkinga ezithile ezitholakalayo kumanzi aphansi.

Ukuthunyelwa kwezinqubo ezigcweleyo ukuze kutholakale phambi komanzi

Amascreeni okususa amanzi ayasebenza kahle uma kuyinelungu kumithombo yendlela eyalukile, ekuvumela ukuthi amanzi konke kube uyisikhathi esiningi. Amanzi akhokhelwayo ayabuyela emsebenzini wokwakha, lokhu kusho ukuthi izinkampani zingahlawula ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi amasha ngalokho okuthiwa 85% kwezinto ezifana nokuhl washwa kwezimali nezimali ezigcinwa. Le mithombo iyasebenza kahle ekulondololeni le zinkinga ezincane, ikhokha ngaphakathi kwe-98% kwezonke izinto ezinkulu kune-75 microns ngaphambi kokuthi zilungise amanzi afakiwayo. Okwakhiwa kule miqondo kungukuthi inqolobane yokuphatha engaqhubekanga ukulungiselela indlela amascreeni ayasebenzayo ngokwesimo sezinto ezafika kubo. Nakuba kukhona ubuguqukayo bezindlela zokufakwa kwemithombo noma ukuguquka kwegcobo, inqolobane ichazimisele konke ukusebenza kahle. Lo hhlobo lomlando unxusisa umeme wokuthuthuka kanye nezinhlalo zokuphila njengoba kugcinwa kakhulu ngazo zonke izinkampani namuhla.

Ukuvula Kakhulu Kwesivimba Sokugcwalisa Ngokusebenzisa Teknoloji Yomphumulo

Iscreeening zamanzi manje isebenzisa teknoloji eyisisekelo yomphumulo ukuze ivulwe kahle isivimba nesilonda futhi kube lula ukusebenza kuzinye izindawo zezimali.

Isivimba esikhulu ngemiphumulo engaphezu kwesilinganiso sokugcwalisa kanye nokuhlukanisa

Xa imigqa ibhalekhe ngamandla angama-3 kuze kube ngu-5g, kahle ihandlenza izinto ezingu-20 kuze kube ngu-30 iphasenthi ngaphezulu kunazo ezijwayelekile ngaphandle kokuba ikhula phansi kuma-92 kuze kube ngu-95 iphasenthi yezinto eziphathelene. Amandla amameleki enziwa ukuthi umlilo usuke ngokushesha kumzimba, okusebenza kahle kakhulu xa kusebenzana nezinto ezingaphakathi kwehhafu yemilimeter kuze kube yingoma-10 yemilimeter. Izivivino ezadlulayo ngo-2023 zafunyenjani into ethintekayo futhi. Xa lezi zigaba ezinamandla amakhulu anqamkela imigqa enegunya eliyinzuzo, abasebenzisi bavamukela ukuthi kunezimali ezingu-15 iphasenthi ngaphazulu engabizukulwini emisebenzini yokuqashisa izimpilo. Lokhu kusobala kubangela ubumnandi obukhona ekususweni kwisifunda ngonyaka.

Ukuvimbela ukujikeleza nokuphakama ukuze kugcwaliseke ukususa umlilo

Ukugcwalisa kabusha kumele kuhlangane nokuvimbela okuchanekile kwezinto eziphathelene:

• Isibalo sokuqala : I-RPM ezingu-250–400 inyanzelisa ukuxhumana kwezinto ngendlela efanelekileyo
• Amplitude : 2–6 mm ibalansi ukususa kakhulu ngokushesha nokulinda kahle okungcono
  Ukukhanya kwempilo kunciphisa isivinini sokususa mazibuko ngama-40% kakade kunzima zokuvibrata ezithile, ikakhulu ethembekile ekunqamkeni komthubi nomphakathi wempondo.

Ukuthinta kwezikhathi zezinto nezinkomo eziphathelene nokususa amanzi

Izinhlobo zezinto zihlaza kakhulu emphileni yokususa amanzi:

Okusebenziswa Kakhulu Kwizikrini Zokukhupha Amathambo Ngaphandle Kwizindzaba Ze-Recycling

Ukusebenzisa Izinto Ezinokuthathwa Futhi: I-Glass, I-Plastics, Nezinye Izinto

Amascreen ekuqiniseni ukuthatha umlilo ophezulu kumalimi amathathwe ngemvula njengegleti, iplastics, nezimboni zokwakha, okunakekela ukugcina izinto ezihle futhi kwenza amazinyo angaphambili ekuphatheni kakhulu. Xa kufika ekuphathelweni kwamaplastic ngokukodwa, lezi ziscren zingakwala kabusha nge-95% yamanzi eshiyekileyo kumaplastic athathwe, ngakho ke angakwazi ukuthiwa kuqatha ngokushesha ngaphandle kokususa manzi futhi. Ngokwesithembiso sezimali esohlekayo emuva ku-2025, iziseko lokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuchuma ezingeneyo ezihle kangaka zange zibone izilinganiso zokutholakala ziziveze nge-40% kwegleti nezimboni zokwakha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunezinto ezincane ezingena emlandweni futhi izinhlayiya eziphila kakhulu emercantile.

Ukusebenzisa Fishe Manzi Ekuphatheleni Kwizimali Nezinyo Zokuchuma Ngamanzi

Amascreeni okususa amanzi emthwethweni kumsebenzi wokuphatha izinhlelo zokuthola kabusha ngaphezu kwemigudu engu-60 kuze kube ngu-80 yenani lamanzi ephathelene nalezi zikhathi ezizinzile. Lokhu kusiza ekunciphiseni inani lamanzi entsha ekudingeka ukubuyiselwa futhi kusiza emsulwa wonke owufakelwe phakathi kuzinyathelo zokuphatha izinkunzi, okuqukumba izithalini zekoperi nezinzo zezimali. Uma udweba lezi mascreeni ngezihlangu zohydrocyclone ungasebenzisa umlando wamanzi ongenaphansi kuka-15% kuzinhlelo ezikhethekile. Izilungiso lapha ziyisilinganiso esikhulu futhi, izindleko zokususa kwe-thermal zihlukana ngamaphela angu-$8 ngayigidi eliprosesile. Kuyakwenzeka ngempela ukuthi lolomqondo uyafakwa ngempela kulo owathintelayo abagcine amalungu ngokuphatha izimali ezivalelweyo phakathi kwezimali ngokwembono yezinhloso zokuphila njengoba kubonwa kumcabango wasemvelo wokuthola izinhlelo.

Ukutholwa Kwamaphethini Amancane Nokunciphisa Kwamakhambi Emvuleni Yokusebenzisa Kabusha

Amascreeni okususa amanzi ayedwa kusebenza kahle ekutholeni lezi ziqu ezincane kunesihlangu semilimita esithile emandleni, ukubenza into engaba yisifo ibe yinto ethembekile futhi. Ngokomzekelo emakhampini weqembu, lezi zinhlayiya zingathola kabusha ngaphezu kwesikhulu-nesikhombisa sobuningi besand bezincane ebantwini nezinye izinto ezingalimelanga. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngaphakathi kwesikhulu sesludge sasuswa, lokhu kubiza ngqo ukuthi kunciphise inani lezinto efuneka lisuswe futhi libekezela imali. Xa kufika ekuphatheleni kwemvelaphi yesidlalo noma izinto zokubhaka, lezi zinhlayiya zinesizo ekususeni umshwelo wamanzi emakhanda noma emizuzwana engalimelanga, ukuba kususwe umshwelo wamanzi phansi kusukela ku-18 kuze kube ngu-22 ipheresente. Lokhu kuyikhiyeza indlela yokususa kwangethemba futhi kusiza ekutholeni izinto ezinezimali eziningi kulezo ezingalimelanga.

Ukuthuthuka Kwemfundo Yempilo Nezivumelwano Emgcono Kophathelwano Lwamanzi Emandleni

Izinhlayiyeli Zamanzi Ezivalelweyo Nokuncipha Kwenzuzo Kumlomo

Amascreeni okususa amanzi ayashintshwa kakhulu ekugcineni phakathi kwe-80 ukuya ku-95 phesenti yamanzi eprosesi ngokushesha ukuze afunyanwe kabusha. Isiphazamiso sibe yisikhathi eside - izihlalo zingahlukanisa izidingo zabo zezimali ezisha nge-40 phesenti xa zisebenzisa iminerali, futhi zilimele ukuthumela amanzi amnyama emizi nemifula. Lokhu kuyinto eyaziwayo ngaphandle kweBhodi Yendlela Ngcamango Ngemigodi Nenhlalakahle NgaseMines Nenhlalakahle NgaseMines ethi kuzaziso zakhe zelisha ngomlando wase-2024 njengesibonisi esikhulu sezinsukumo. Ngaphandle kokufaneleka nezimvume zolawulo lwempilo, izinkampani zilahlekelwa imali. Fakela umphathi wamanzi owodwa owayekhona ukuba izindleko zakhe zase-minyakeni zilandela ngaphezulu kwe-rand eliwaka eminyakeni embalwa ngemuva kokusebenzisa lezi zinhlelo.

Ukufaneleka Nezimvume Zolawulo Ngokwenzima Kokulima Izinto Ezinzima

Izihlanguza zokukhupha amanzi nge-frequency ephezulu zilandela kabusha ama-particules engaphezu kwe-45 microns ngama-99%, lokhu kusiza izindawo zomphakathi ukuqasha nezinye izinkinga futhi ziyishwale izimo ezilandelwayo ngu-EPA njengoba kuchazwe ngu-Misebenti Yamanzi Epholile. Ngokwesiqephu esisha eseminyakeni emva, iziseko zasebenzisa lezi zinhlelo eziphuculiwe zange zibone izinkinga ezingu-2/3 ezingaphansi kwezinye ezisebenzisa izindlu ezijulile ezidala ukungena kwamanzi. Into eyenzelisa kakhulu yisenziso sezimilo zokugcina umsitho, esibala phakade, esivikela amathuba okungabi khona kwe-TSS kumahluko wokulandelwa. Lokhu kubalulekile kakhulu kumakhampani eqinisekisa ukulandela izikhumbuzo ze-GRI Ngenye Ngonyaka 2025. Ukufunda kakhulu kwalokhu akuyona kuphela ukuzivikela izigebengu kodwa kungekhona indlela eyisisekelo yokusebenza kwiindlela eziningi.

Ukulanda Izigebengu Ngendlela Yokwenza Ukwandiswa Kwezinto Nezimali

Izihlenga zakudibana zasemva kuzakwenzela ukuthatha lezi ziphazinyo ezincane kakhulu kuze kube yisikhathi esiphindwe kabili, izinto ezingathathwa ngokuvamile emthwebeni. Oku kusho ukuthi amabhizinisi abenzenza imali enkulu. Kakhulu kakhulu emisebenzini yokuphinda usebenzise iglasi, lezi ziphazinyo ezitholakele zihlanganisa kusuku sika-8 kuya kusuku sika-12 phezu kwezinhlanhla zabo zonke. Futhi, ngelinye izinga, izinkampani ziyafika kulezi zigaba ezibalulekile zezimali. Khona ke manje bangabhalisa ukuthi akukho mthwembu osheshayo futhi baphinde baphele isigaba esikhulu, sengama-90%, wamanzi ahlotshwayo. Lokhu okunye kukhona nokufakelwa kwizinhlelo zokuphila ezifakelwa ngu-UNEP, kodwa futhi kwenza umsebenzi omuhle uma ujongene ngezindleko zempahla nezimpendulo zomphakathi.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yikuphi okusemthethweni kwezihlenga zakudibana emisebenzini yasekuhlaleni?

Amascreen ekuqiniseni isiqu kusuka kumzimba, ekwenzela ukuthi kube khona ubunzima obuncane kakhulu besiqu. Bayafika kule nto ngokuthutha kahle kwezigaba ezihlinzekileyo, ekuvumela amanzi adlule kwi-mesh yesikrini futhi ibeke isiqu.

Iziphi izici zamascreen ekuqiniseni isiqu kusuka kumzimba ekunciphiseni umsebenzi wamanzi nehlawulo yezemvelo?

Amascreen ekuqiniseni isiqu kusuka kumzimba akunciphisa manje ku-95% wezimali zemanzi ekusebenzisweni kwesivuno, okungakwazi kuphazamisa kuphela umsebenzi wamanzi omusha ngaphandle kwalokho kuyathembeka ukuthi kuhlale kulingana nalomthetho wemvelo ohlinzekileyo ophatha ukuphuma kwezithuthi ezizungezileyo kumanzi afuthi.

Ngaba amascreen ekuqiniseni isiqu kusuka kumzimba angangeni kumasebele abaluliwe?

Yebo, amascreen ekuqiniseni isiqu kusuka kumzimba angagcinelwa kahle kumasebele abaluliwe. Lokhu kuvumela ukubuyiselwa kwamanzi ngokuphindaphindiwe kugcine emsebentisweni, ekwenzela ukuthi kube khona ubuncane bezinga lokudinga manzi omusha kanye nokuxhasa izindlela zokusebenza ezibulala kakhulu ezinhlanganweni ezahlukene.

Kungani okungcono abanezintonga zokuvibrata ezinobukhulu kwe-g-force?

Izinhlayiya zokuvibrata ezinobukhuli obungaphezu kweg-force zakhuthaza ukubhakha kwezinto futhi zayiphatha ngokuhle ukwahlukanwa kwamakhemikhali. Azikwazi ukuphatha ikhona elingaphezu kwe-30% ngaphandle kokuchitha izilingo sokugcina izinto, okusiva kulelo kuba kukhona ukudonsa kwezimali njengoba kusheshwa futhi kuthuthukisa ngokujwayelekile ubukhono bomphakathi.